Journal |

The impact of city walls on urban expansion and structure of small historical cities: a Space Syntax analysis of Zhengding, China

Wed, 12 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Keywords

City walls; Space syntax; Urban growth; Historical cities; POIs analysis; Zhengding

Author contribution

Qian Liu conceived and designed the research, collected data, performed the space syntax analysis, and drafted the manuscript.
Gerardo Semprebon participated in the analysis and interpretation of results and revised the manuscript.
Kun Li contributed to the research concept, supervised the research and critically revised the manuscript.

主要图表

The results of NAIN (Normalized Angular Integration) analysis on Zhengding in 1966, 1992, 2008, and 2024, with the built-up area illustrated with gray in the background. Source: the authors, 2024.

Scatter plots and regression analysis between radius-3 and radius-n integration values of Zhengding across different years. Source: the authors, 2024.

Continuing to Write: Type-morphology, Latent Structures, and the Urban Project for the Chinese City

Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

关键词

Type-morphology,Latent structures,School of Milan,Continuation of context,Settlements research

全文链接

主要图表

Map of the morphological semantic units of Nanshi Street (Ganzhou), showing the 2019 architectural plan typology study

A study on the synchronous map of Fenghuang Ancient Town in Zhashui, Shaanxi Province, showing the radial latent structure, 2019

Open spaces as the key to the integration issue of historical site reconstruction projects: a cross‑cultural comparison

Wed, 19 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Keywords

Open space, Reconstruction, Historical sites, Integration

Author contributions

Qian Liu collected materials of the two projects through site visiting and archival research and wrote the main texts of the comparative analysis.
Yiran Liu conducted the literature review, contributed to preparing the drawings and editing the texts.
Laura Pezzetti supervised the research and contributed to the analysis of the Yanghe Tower project.

Key figures

Dom-Römer area, view from the Dom tower in 1988 (Source: Bundesarchiv, B 145 Bild-F078972-0001/CC-BY-SA 3.0, CC BY-SA 3.0 de, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5472041)

Yanghe Tower area, roof plans. Left: 1960, when the wooden hall was destroyed; Middle: 2008, before reconstruction; Right: 2018, after reconstruction (Source: the author based on DOQs from the U.S. Geological Survey and Google Earth images)

Dom-Römer area, roof plans. Above-left: 1862; Above-right: 2010, before reconstruction; Below: after reconstruc tion (Source: the author, based on public domain maps from Ravensteins Geographische Verlagsanstalt, and Google Earth images)

Miniature public space planning: a case study of Hanyang District in Wuhan

Mon, 09 Apr 2018 00:00:00 +0000

Keywords

Miniature public space; Embedding; Fixing; Public participation; Hanyang

Author contributions

Hexuan Dong conceptualised and supervised the research, and drafted the manuscript.
Qian Liu made the drawings and drafted the manuscript.
Fang Wang made the drawings and proofread the manuscript.

Key figures

Distribution of miniature public spaces in Hanyang

Example of planning control tables of miniature public spaces in Hanyang (Jianghan Erqiao Subdistrict)

Large-scale public space construction based on grey and green infrastructure: from experience of Boston to contemporary practice

Sun, 01 Oct 2017 00:00:00 +0000

Keywords

Mini-type public space; Architectural design; Responsibility and mission

Author contributions

He-xuan Dong conceptualised and supervised the research, collected materials, and drafted the manuscript.
Qian Liu collected comparative cases, drafted the manuscript, and made the drawings.
Shuang-ting Li made the drawings.

Key figures

The expansion of Boston

Comparison between ‘BIG-U’, High-line Park, and Ningbo Ecological Corridor

The production of urban mini-type public space: another half mission of architectural design

Thu, 01 Dec 2016 00:00:00 +0000

Keywords

Mini-type public space; Architectural design; Responsibility and mission

Author contributions

Hexuan Dong conceptualised and supervised the research, collected materials, and drafted the manuscript.
Qian Liu collected comparative cases, drafted the manuscript, and made the drawings.

Key figures

Re-structure of urban streets

Evolution of the Municipal Square in Boston